Gut bacteria that make serotonin may hold the key to IBS

Researchers have identified two gut bacteria that can produce serotonin, a key chemical that regulates bowel movements. In experiments with mice lacking serotonin, the microbes boosted serotonin levels, increased nerve cells in the colon, and normalized intestinal movement. The study also found that people with IBS have lower levels of one of these bacteria. The discovery suggests gut microbes could become a powerful new target for treating digestive disorders.

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Simple water trick cuts diesel engine pollution by over 60%

Scientists are exploring a surprisingly simple way to clean up diesel engines: adding tiny droplets of water to the fuel. During combustion, the water rapidly vaporizes, triggering micro-explosions that improve fuel mixing and lower combustion temperatures. Studies show this technique can slash nitrogen oxide and soot emissions by more than 60% while sometimes even improving engine efficiency. Because it works in existing engines without redesign, it could provide a quick path to cleaner diesel use.

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A black hole and neutron star just collided in a strange oval orbit

Scientists analyzing a gravitational-wave signal have discovered that a neutron star and black hole spiraled together on an oval-shaped orbit just before merging. This unusual motion, detected in the event GW200105, contradicts the long-held expectation that such pairs settle into nearly perfect circles before collision. The eccentric orbit suggests the system likely formed in a chaotic stellar environment with strong gravitational interactions.

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Extreme weather is hitting baby birds hard in a 60-year study

Decades of data from over 80,000 great tits reveal that extreme weather can shape the fate of baby birds. Cold snaps soon after hatching and heavy rain later in development shrink nestling body mass and reduce survival odds. But moderate warm spells can actually help chicks grow by boosting insect activity and feeding opportunities. Birds that breed earlier in the season seem better protected from these weather shocks.

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Scientists turn brain cells into Alzheimer’s plaque cleaners

Scientists have developed a promising new approach to treating Alzheimer’s disease by turning ordinary brain cells into powerful plaque-clearing machines. Instead of requiring frequent antibody infusions like current therapies, the experimental treatment uses genetically engineered astrocytes — abundant support cells in the brain — that are equipped with a CAR “homing device” similar to those used in cancer immunotherapy.

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Omega-3 fish oil supplements cut heart attacks and strokes by 43% in dialysis patients

A major international trial has found that daily fish oil supplements significantly reduced life-threatening cardiovascular events in dialysis patients. People who took four grams per day had a 43% lower risk of heart attack, stroke, cardiac death, or vascular-related amputations compared with those on placebo. The findings stand out because few treatments have successfully lowered heart risk in this high-risk group.

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Scientists turn scrap car aluminum into high-performance metal for new vehicles

Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have created a new aluminum alloy called RidgeAlloy that can turn contaminated car-body scrap into strong structural vehicle parts. Normally, impurities introduced during recycling make this scrap unsuitable for high-performance applications. RidgeAlloy overcomes that challenge, enabling recycled aluminum to meet the strength and durability standards required for modern vehicles. The technology could slash energy use, reduce imports, and unlock a huge new supply of domestic aluminum.

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Scientists discover molecule that stops aggressive breast cancer in its tracks

Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University have developed a new molecule that could open the door to treating triple-negative breast cancer, one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat forms of the disease. The compound, called SU212, targets and disables a key enzyme that cancer cells rely on to fuel their growth. In tests using humanized mouse models, the molecule caused tumors to shrink and slowed the spread of cancer by forcing the enzyme to break down.

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Astronomers create the largest 3D map of the early universe revealing hidden galaxies

Astronomers have created the largest and most detailed 3D map yet of a glowing signal from the early universe, revealing hidden galaxies and gas from 9-11 billion years ago. By analyzing faint “Lyman-alpha” light emitted by energized hydrogen, scientists used an advanced technique called line intensity mapping to capture not just the brightest galaxies but also the vast cosmic structures surrounding them.

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Scientists finally reveal why mint feels cold

Scientists have revealed how the body’s microscopic cold sensor, TRPM8, detects both chilly temperatures and the cooling effect of menthol. The discovery finally shows how the sensation of “cool” works at the molecular level—and could inspire new treatments for pain and eye disorders.

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Scientists warn fake research is spreading faster than real science

A sweeping new study from Northwestern University reveals that scientific fraud is no longer just the work of a few rogue researchers—it has evolved into a global, organized enterprise. By analyzing massive datasets of publications, retractions, and editorial records, researchers uncovered networks involving “paper mills,” brokers, and compromised journals that systematically produce and sell fake research, authorship slots, and citations.

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Bird droppings helped build one of ancient Peru’s most powerful kingdoms

New research suggests seabird guano helped transform the Chincha Kingdom into one of the most prosperous societies in ancient Peru. Chemical clues in centuries-old maize show farmers fertilized their crops with guano gathered from nearby islands, dramatically boosting yields in the desert landscape. The resulting agricultural surplus fueled trade, population growth, and regional influence.

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This ancient sea creature may already have had a brain

Advanced 3D reconstructions of the comb jelly’s aboral organ reveal a sensory system far more complex than scientists expected. The organ contains a wide variety of specialized cells and is closely linked to the animal’s nerve network, allowing it to coordinate behavior and orientation in the water. Researchers say it may function as a primitive brain-like center. The discovery suggests that centralized nervous systems might have evolved independently in different animal lineages.

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